Raymond Ibrahim

Raymond Ibrahim is an American author and historian, specialising in the history of Christianity and Islam, with particular emphasis on the early Islamic conquests, religious persecution, and civilisational conflict. He is the author of several widely discussed books, including Sword and Scimitar and Defenders of the West, and the translator and editor of key primary sources on jihad, dhimmitude, and Christian martyrdom under Islamic rule.
A former associate fellow at the Middle East Forum, Ibrahim's work combines close textual scholarship with a willingness to address subjects often neglected or sanitised in contemporary academic and policy debates. He writes regularly for both scholarly and general audiences and is known for bringing historical depth and primary-source rigour to discussions of religion, violence, and the formation of civilisational identities.